Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal illness defined by a series of symptoms that have a major impact on digestive system function. Individuals with IBS frequently report abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea, constipation, or a combination of the two. Despite its prevalence, the actual cause of IBS is unknown, however factors such as gastrointestinal motility, sensitivity, and the gut-brain axis play important roles. There are no particular diagnostic tests for IBS, hence the syndrome is frequently diagnosed through elimination.
While IBS can not cause serious issues or permanent damage to the digestive tract, its chronic nature can have a substantial impact on those affected’s quality of life.

IBS Irritable Bowel Syndrome
IBS Irritable Bowel Syndrome 1

Causes and risk factors

Some potential causes and risk factors associated with IBS include: Gut motility and sensitivity: Abnormal movement and contractions of the digestive tract, as well as increased sensitivity to stimuli, can all contribute to IBS symptoms. The gut muscles may contract excessively vigorously or too weakly, interfering with the regular passage of food. Inflammation and Immune System Activation: Some people with IBS may have low-grade inflammation in their intestines, and an overactive immune response may exacerbate symptoms. However, IBS is not classified as an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.
Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations, particularly in women, can influence IBS symptoms. Some women’s symptoms may intensify during their menstrual periods.

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